OV-1: Baseline Cislunar CONOPS Use Case 1
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400,000 km
62,500 km 62,500 km
L1 L2
Earth
GPS MEO Constellation
Y
DRO
NRHO
X
FrozenPCO
Moon
L2 Halo
HELO
North
Side
South
Side
GPS FOV
Use Case 1
Assumptions:
• Cislunar Orbit: L2 Halo
• Number of LCRNS:10
• PNT Non-Dedicated SOO
Signals: GPS Satellites
and other (TBD)
• Cislunar Moon Coverage:
South-Side
• Possible Planned Moon
Mission Orbits: HELO,
FLO (Circular, Elliptical),
PCO and DRO
• Lunar Mission Service
Requirements: ESC-
LCRNS-REQ-0090
DRO = Distant Retrograde Orbit
HELO = Halo Elliptical Lunar Orbit
FLO = Frozen Lunar Orbit (5k – 9k km)
LCRNS = Planned Lunar Communications Relay and Navigation Systems
PCO = Prograde Circular Orbit
NRHO= Near-Rectilinear Halo Orbit
LCRNS Satellite
Mission Scenario:
• LCRNS satellites are planned lunar
communication relay and navigation
satellites providing relayed communication
from Earth-to-Moon, from Moon-to-Earth,
and PNT services to Moon lander missions;
• A low SWAP-Cost onboard
Cislunar PNT system
providing near real-time PNT
services;
• The PNT service is derived
from non-dedicated PNT
services leveraging existing
GNSS infrastructure
Cislunar space is defined from Earth’s
Geosynchronous region to encapsulate the Moon’s
orbit and its Lagrange points
LOS GPS
Signals
Status Report
PoP: December 2023 - January 2024
4 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT B: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government Agencies Only: Proprietary Information Oct. 6, 2023 DFARS SBIR/STTR data rights-DFARS 252.227-7018.
• GNSS Link Budget, SOO Signal Performance, and PNT
Performance Models (Group 4)
• Develop GPS Transmit Antenna MATLAB Models using Existing
GPS Antenna Models for Cislunar E2E MATLAB Simulator
Geometry for reception of GPS signals in high Earth orbits
Mean global offsets per block used to normalize the final reconstructed antenna patterns. Note: Block IIA SVS 33, 35, and 39
are not included in this list because they were taken out of the constellation before enough data could be recorded
Geometry of the GPS transmitter yaw model for Block IIA and IIF (a) and Block IIR and IIR-M (b).
(a) (b)
Adjust the gain
for Block IIR,
IIR-M, and IIF
Status Report
PoP: December 2023 - January 2024
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• GNSS Link Budget, SOO Signal Performance, and PNT
Performance Models (Group 4) (Cont’d)
• Develop GPS TX power MATLAB Models using Existing
GPS transmitting power
URL link for a list of GPS SV name, Block number, and orbital slot:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GPS_satellites#Orbital_slots_(by_SVN)
GPS TX Power Specifications
Measured EIRP for GPS Block IIF satellite G065
Measured EIRP for GPS Block III satellite G074
• No EIRP measurements are available for the GPS Block I and Block II
satellites. Therefore, the measured mean value of the Block IIA satellites
with 50W is assumed for both blocks
• As no transmit antenna gain pattern is available for GPS III, no transmit
power could be estimated. Therefore, a total power of 300W is assumed
based on Block IIF transmit power
EIRP(dB) = TX Power(dB) + Antenna Gain(dB) – Cable Loss (dB)
Status Report
PoP: December 2023 - January 2024
6 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT B: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government Agencies Only: Proprietary Information Oct. 6, 2023 DFARS SBIR/STTR data rights-DFARS 252.227-7018.
• GNSS Link Budget, SOO Signal Performance, and PNT
Performance Models (Group 4) (Cont’d)
• Develop GPS TX power MATLAB Models using Existing
GPS transmitting power
URL link for a list of GPS SV name, Block number, and orbital slot:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GPS_satellites#Orbital_slots_(by_SVN)
GPS TX Power Specifications
Measured EIRP for GPS Block IIF satellite G065
Measured EIRP for GPS Block III satellite G074
• No EIRP measurements are available for the GPS Block I and Block II
satellites. Therefore, the measured mean value of the Block IIA satellites
with 50W is assumed for both blocks
• As no transmit antenna gain pattern is available for GPS III, no transmit
power could be estimated. Therefore, a total power of 300W is assumed
based on Block IIF transmit power
EIRP(dB) = TX Power(dB) + Antenna Gain(dB) – Cable Loss (dB)
Status Report
PoP: December 2023 - January 2024
7 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT B: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government Agencies Only: Proprietary Information Oct. 6, 2023 DFARS SBIR/STTR data rights-DFARS 252.227-7018.
• GNSS Link Budget, SOO Signal Performance, and PNT
Performance Models (Group 4)
• Develop Galileo TX antenna pattern and TX power models
in MATLAB using Existing TX Galileo antenna and power
Galileo TX Power Specifications
Galileo Antenna Gain for E1, E5, and E6
Galileo Antenna Gain for E1, E5, and E6
IOV = In-obit validation
FOC = Full operational capability
E1, E6, and E5 frequency
band with corresponding
E1, E2, and E6 Signal
Structures
Status Report
PoP: December 2023 - January 2024
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• GNSS Link Budget, SOO Signal Performance, and PNT
Performance Models (Group 4)
• Develop QZSS TX antenna pattern models in MATLAB
using Existing TX QZSS antenna and power
Antenna Pointing Coordinate
QZS02 Antenna Gain for L1, L2, and L5
Status Report
PoP: December 2023 - January 2024
9 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT B: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government Agencies Only: Proprietary Information Oct. 6, 2023 DFARS SBIR/STTR data rights-DFARS 252.227-7018.
• GNSS Link Budget, SOO Signal Performance, and PNT
Performance Models (Group 4)
• Develop QZSS TX power models in MATLAB using Existing TX
QZSS power
QZSS TX Power Specifications
(Ave)
(Total)
(Total)(Block II IGSO)
(Total)(GEO)
(Total)