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r Studio代写-WAVE 56
时间：2021-10-30
1
PEW RESEARCH CENTER
www.pewresearch.org
2019 PEW RESEARCH CENTER’S AMERICAN TRENDS PANEL
WAVE 56 OCTOBER 2019
OCTOBER 16 – OCTOBER 28, 20191
ASK ALL:
MARITAL Which of these best describes you?
1 Married
2 Living with a partner
3 Divorced
4 Separated
5 Widowed
6 Never been married
ASK IF DIVORCED, SEPARATED, WIDOWED, NEVER MARRIED OR NO ANSWER (MARITAL=3-
99):
MARITAL2 Are you currently in a committed romantic relationship?
1 Yes, in a committed romantic relationship
2 No, not in a committed romantic relationship
ASK IF NEVER BEEN MARRIED AND NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL=6 AND
MARITAL2=2):
RELATEVER Have you ever been in a committed romantic relationship?
1 Yes, have been in a committed romantic relationship
2 No, have never been in a committed romantic relationship
1 Open-end responses are excluded from public datasets to protect the confidentiality of ATP panelists
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL2=2):
CASUAL Are you currently casually dating anyone?
1 Yes, casually dating someone
2 No, not casually dating anyone
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL2=2):
SEEKING Which of these best describes what you are looking for right now?
1 A committed romantic relationship only
2 Casual dates only
3 Either a committed romantic relationship or casual dates
4 Not currently looking for a relationship or dates
3
PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND NOT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
DATES (SEEKING=4):
MOTIVNODATE Please indicate if each of the following is a reason or not a reason why you are not
currently looking for a relationship or dates. [RANDOMIZE ITEMS; SPLIT OVER 2
SCREENS]
a. Just like being single
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
b. Have more important priorities right now
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
c. Feel like I am too old to date
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
d. Have health problems that make it difficult to date
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
e. Haven’t had luck with dating or relationships in the past
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
f. Too busy
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
g. Feel like no one would be interested in dating me
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
h. Not ready to date after [IF WIDOWED (MARITAL=5): losing my spouse or]
ending a relationship
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
TOTRELDUR How long have you been in your current romantic relationship [IF MARRIED
(MARITAL=1): – including before you were married]?
1 Less than 1 year
2 1 year to less than 3 years
3 3 years to less than 5 years
4 5 years to less than 10 years
5 10 years to less than 20 years
6 20 years or more
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
FAMSURV19_RELAT Overall, would you say that things in your relationship are going…
1 Very well
2 Fairly well
3 Not too well
4 Not at all well
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT CASUALLY DATING OR LOOKING FOR A
RELATIONSHIP AND/OR DATES (CASUAL=1 OR SEEKING=1-3):
FAMSURV19_DATING Overall, would you say that things in your dating life are going…
1 Very well
2 Fairly well
3 Not too well
4 Not at all well
ASK IF INTERNET USER:
ONLINEDATE Have you ever used an online dating site or dating app?
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONLINEDATE2 Are you currently using an online dating site or dating app?
1 Yes, I am currently using an online dating site or dating app
2 No, but I have used one within the past year
3 No, but I used one 1 to 5 years ago
4 No, but I used one more than 5 years ago
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERMEET How did you first meet your spouse or partner? [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1-
6, KEEPING 7 LAST]
1 Through friends or family
2 Online
3 Through work
4 Through school
5 At a place of worship
6 At a bar or restaurant
7 Somewhere else (specify: ____)
ASK IF MET CURRENT PARTNER ONLINE (PARTNERMEET=2):
ONMEET Where online did you first meet your spouse or partner? [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE
OPTIONS 1-6, KEEPING 7 LAST]
1 A dating site or app
2 A social media site or app
3 Online gaming
4 An online discussion forum
5 A texting or messaging app
6 Email
7 Somewhere else (specify: ____)
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK ALL:
DATE10YR Compared to 10 years ago, for most people, do you think dating is… [RANDOMIZE
RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Harder today
2 Easier today
3 About the same
ASK IF SAYS DATING IS HARDER THAN 10 YEARS AGO (DATE10YR=1):
WHYDATE10YRHARD Why do you think dating is harder today than it was 10 years ago for most people?
[OPEN END]
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ASK IF SAYS DATING IS EASIER THAN 10 YEARS AGO (DATE10YR=2):
WHYDATE10YREASY Why do you think dating is easier today than it was 10 years ago for most people?
[OPEN END]
ASK ALL:
FIRSTDATE Here is a list of things that some people may find acceptable ON A FIRST DATE and some
may not. Regardless of whether you would do it yourself, please indicate if you,
personally, think each is acceptable on a first date. [RANDOMIZE ITEMS BUT ITEM c
SHOULD ALWAYS BE LAST]
a. Giving a hug
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
b. Kissing
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Having sex
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK ALL:
DATEACCEPT Here is a list of things that some people may find acceptable and some may not.
Regardless of whether you would do it yourself, please indicate if you, personally, think
each is acceptable. [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Sex between unmarried adults who are in a committed relationship
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
b. Having an open relationship – that is, a committed relationship where both
people agree that it is acceptable to date or have sex with other people
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Casual sex between consenting adults who are not in a committed romantic
relationship
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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d. Two consenting adults exchanging sexually explicit images of themselves
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
e. Kissing someone on a date without asking for permission first
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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ASK IF INTERNET USER:
ONCHECK Have you ever searched for information online about someone you were romantically
interested in?
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK ALL:
TRACKPARTNER Regardless of whether you would do it yourself, do you think it’s ever acceptable for
someone to look through their significant other’s cellphone without their knowledge?
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP AND/OR
DATES (SEEKING=1-3):
BREAKUP If you decided after a first date that you didn’t want to go out with that person again,
what is the most likely way you would let them know?
1 Contact them and let them know
2 Not contact them, but would let them know if they contacted you
3 Not contact them, and would not respond if they contacted you
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK FORM 1 (FORM=1):
BREAKUPACCEPTF1 Whether or not you would personally do this, do you think it’s acceptable for a
person to break up with someone they are casually dating in the following ways?
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. In person
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
b. Through a phone call
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Through email
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
d. Through a private message on a social media site
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
e. Through a text message
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK FORM 2 (FORM=2):
BREAKUPACCEPTF2 Whether or not you would personally do this, do you think it’s acceptable for a
person to break up with someone they are in a committed relationship with in the
following ways? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. In person
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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b. Through a phone call
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Through email
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
d. Through a private message on a social media site
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
e. Through a text message
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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RANDOMIZE DATEHARASS_M AND DATEHARASS_W
DISPLAY IF DATEHARASS_M COMES BEFORE DATEHARASS_W: On a different subject…
ASK ALL:
DATEHARASS_M Do you think the increased focus on sexual harassment and assault over the last few
years has made it easier or harder for MEN to know how to interact with someone
they’re on a date with?
1 Has made it easier for men
2 Has made it harder for men
3 Hasn’t made much difference
RANDOMIZE DATEHARASS_M AND DATEHARASS_W
DISPLAY IF DATEHARASS_W COMES BEFORE DATEHARASS_M: On a different subject…
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK ALL:
DATEHARASS_W Do you think the increased focus on sexual harassment and assault over the last few
years has made it easier or harder for WOMEN to know how to interact with someone
they’re on a date with?
1 Has made it easier for women
2 Has made it harder for women
3 Hasn’t made much difference
DISPLAY TO ALL:
Thinking now of online dating…
ASK ALL:
ONIMPACT Overall, what type of effect would you say online dating sites and dating apps have had
on dating and relationships? [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH
OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Mostly positive effect
2 Mostly negative effect
3 Neither positive or negative effect
ASK IF SAYS ONLINE DATING SITES AND APPS HAS A MOSTLY POSITIVE EFFECT
(ONIMPACT=1):
ONIMPACT_POS What is the main reason you think online dating sites and dating apps have a mostly
positive effect on dating and relationships?
[OPEN END]
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ASK IF SAYS ONLINE DATING SITES AND APPS HAS A MOSTLY NEGATIVE EFFECT
(ONIMPACT=2):
ONIMPACT_NEG What is the main reason you think online dating sites and dating apps have a mostly
negative effect on dating and relationships?
[OPEN END]
ASK ALL:
ONSUCCESS Compared to relationships that begin in person, in general, do you think relationships
where people first meet through an online dating site or dating app are… [RANDOMIZE
RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 More successful
2 Less successful
3 Just as successful
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ASK ALL:
ONSAFE In general, how safe do you think online dating sites and dating apps are as a way to
meet people?
1 Very safe
2 Somewhat safe
3 Not too safe
4 Not at all safe
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONPROBLEM Thinking of some things that may happen on online dating sites and dating apps, as far
as you know, how common are each of the following? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. People being harassed or bullied
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
b. People receiving sexually explicit messages or images they did not ask for
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
c. People lying about themselves to appear more desirable
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
d. Privacy violations, such as data breaches or identify theft
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
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e. People setting up fake accounts in order to scam others
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
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RANDOMIZE POTENTIALDATE1, POTENTIALDATE2 AND POTENTIALDATE3
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
LOOKING FOR EITHER A RELATIONSHIP OR DATES (SEEKING=1,3):
POTENTIALDATE1 Would you ever consider being in a committed relationship with someone who…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Is of a different religion than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
b. Is of a different race or ethnicity than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
c. Has a significant amount of debt
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
d. Is raising children from another relationship
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
e. Lives far away from you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
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RANDOMIZE POTENTIALDATE1, POTENTIALDATE2 AND POTENTIALDATE3
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
LOOKING FOR EITHER A RELATIONSHIP OR DATES (SEEKING=1,3):
POTENTIALDATE2 Would you ever consider being in a committed relationship with someone who…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS; KEEPING ITEMS a AND b, AND c AND d ADJACENT TO
EACH OTHER]
ASK ALL:
a. Is a Republican
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
b. Is a Democrat
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
c. Makes significantly more money than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
d. Makes significantly less money than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
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RANDOMIZE POTENTIALDATE1, POTENTIALDATE2 AND POTENTIALDATE3
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
LOOKING FOR EITHER A RELATIONSHIP OR DATES (SEEKING=1,3):
POTENTIALDATE3 Would you ever consider being in a committed relationship with someone who…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS; KEEPING ITEMS a AND b, AND c AND d ADJACENT TO
EACH OTHER]
ASK ALL:
a. Voted for Donald Trump
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
b. Voted for Hillary Clinton
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
c. Is 10 years older than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK IF AGE 28 OR OLDER:
d. Is 10 years younger than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL2=2):
DATEPRESSURE How much pressure, if any, do you feel from each of the following to be in a committed
relationship? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Family members
1 A lot of pressure
2 Some pressure
3 Not too much pressure
4 No pressure at all
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b. Your friends
1 A lot of pressure
2 Some pressure
3 Not too much pressure
4 No pressure at all
c. Society
1 A lot of pressure
2 Some pressure
3 Not too much pressure
4 No pressure at all
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP AND/OR
DATES (SEEKING=1-3):
DATEDIFF In the past year, how easy or difficult has it been for you to find people to date?
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
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ASK IF HAS FOUND IT DIFFICULT TO FIND PEOPLE TO DATE (DATEDIFF=3,4):
WHYDATEDIFF Why do you think it has been difficult for you to find people to date? [RANDOMIZE
ITEMS]
a. There is a limited number of people in my area for me to date
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
b. Hard for me to find someone who meets my expectations
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
c. Hard to find someone who’s looking for the same type of relationship as me
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
d. Hard for me to approach people
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
e. People aren’t interested in dating me
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
f. Too busy
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONEXPGEN Overall, would you say your OWN personal experiences with online dating sites or dating
apps have been…
1 Very positive
2 Somewhat positive
3 Somewhat negative
4 Very negative
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK IF USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP IN THE PAST YEAR (ONLINEDATE2=1,2):
ONFEEL In general in the past year, has using online dating sites or dating apps made you feel
more… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS; RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH
OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
[Please select one item from each group]
a. 1 Confident
2 Insecure
3 Neither
b. 1 Optimistic
2 Pessimistic
3 Neither
c. 1 Hopeful
2 Frustrated
3 Neither
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONEXP Have you ever… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Gone on a date with someone you first met through an online dating site or
dating app
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
b. Been in a committed relationship or married someone you first met through an
online dating site or dating app
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
c. Come across the online dating profile of someone you already know offline
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONPROFILES When you have used online dating sites or dating apps, how important was it to you, if
at all, that the profiles you looked at included the following? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS;
SPLIT OVER 2 SCREENS]
a. Hobbies and interests
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
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b. Political affiliation
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
c. Religious beliefs
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
d. Occupation
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
e. Racial or ethnic background
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
f. Height
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
g. If they have children
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
h. Type of relationship they’re looking for
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
i. Photos of themselves
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONFIND When you used online dating sites or dating apps, how easy or difficult was it for you to
find people on online dating sites or dating apps who… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. You were physically attracted to
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
b. Shared your hobbies and interests
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
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c. Were looking for the same kind of relationship as you
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
d. Seemed like someone you would want to meet in person
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
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ASK FORM 1 IF USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP IN THE PAST 5 YEARS (FORM=1 AND
ONLINEDATE2=1-3):
ONMSGF1 Thinking about the messages you have received on online dating sites or dating apps,
would you say you have received… [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2,
WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Too many messages
2 Not enough messages
3 Just about the right amount
ASK FORM 2 IF USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP IN THE PAST 5 YEARS (FORM=2 AND
ONLINEDATE2=1-3):
ONMSGF2 Thinking about the messages you have received on online dating sites or dating apps,
would you say you have received… [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2,
WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Too many messages from people you were interested in
2 Not enough messages from people you were interested in
3 Just about the right amount
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONALGORITHM How well, if at all, do you feel you understand why online dating sites or dating apps
present certain people as potential matches for you?
1 Very well
2 Somewhat well
3 Not too well
4 Not well at all
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONDATA How concerned are you, if at all, about how much data online dating sites or dating apps
collect about you?
1 Very concerned
2 Somewhat concerned
3 Not too concerned
4 Not at all concerned
DISPLAY TO ALL INTERNET USERS:
Now thinking about topics related to social media and relationships…
ASK IF INTERNET USER:
SNSUSE Do you ever use social media sites, like Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram?
1 Yes, use social media sites
2 No, do not use social media sites
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ASK IF SOCIAL MEDIA USER (SNSUSE=1):
SNSPOST How often, if ever, do you see people posting things about their romantic relationships
on social media?
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP, AND OFTEN
OR SOMETIMES SEES PEOPLE POSTING ABOUT THEIR ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS ON SOCIAL
MEDIA ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND SNSPOST=1,2):
SNSSEE1 In general, do the posts you see on social media about other people’s romantic
relationships make you feel…
1 Better about your own relationship
2 Worse about your own relationship
3 Doesn’t make much difference
ASK IF CASUALLY DATING SOMEONE AND/OR LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP AND/OR
DATES, AND OFTEN OR SOMETIMES SEES PEOPLE POSTING ABOUT THEIR ROMANTIC
RELATIONSHIPS ON SOCIAL MEDIA ((CASUAL=1 OR SEEKING=1-3) AND SNSPOST=1,2):
SNSSEE2 In general, do the posts you see on social media about other people’s romantic
relationships make you feel…
1 Better about your own dating life
2 Worse about your own dating life
3 Doesn’t make much difference
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ASK IF SOCIAL MEDIA USER (SNSUSE=1):
SNSCHECK Have you ever used social media to do any of the following things? [RANDOMIZE
ITEMS]
a. Check up on someone that you used to date or be in a relationship with
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
b. Share or discuss things about your relationship or dating life
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERDEVICE As far as you know, does your spouse or partner… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Have a cellphone
1 Yes
2 No
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b. Use social media sites
1 Yes
2 No
c. Play video games on a computer, game console or cellphone
1 Yes
2 No
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND USES
SOCIAL MEDIA AND PARTNER USES SOCIAL MEDIA ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND
SNSUSE=1 AND PARTNERDEVICEb=1):
SNSPARTNER How important, if at all, is social media to you personally when it comes to the following
things? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Keeping up with what’s going on in your spouse’s or partner’s life
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
b. Showing how much you care about your spouse or partner
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER USES SOCIAL MEDIA ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND PARTNERDEVICEb=1):
SNSFEEL Have you ever felt jealous or unsure about your relationship because of the way your
current spouse or partner interacts with other people on social media?
1 Yes, have felt this way
2 No, have never felt this way
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND PARTNERDEVICEa=1):
PARTNERDISTRACT How often, if ever, do you feel as if your spouse or partner is distracted by their
cellphone when you are trying to have a conversation with them?
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE, USES SOCIAL MEDIA AND/OR PLAYS VIDEO GAMES
((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND AT LEAST ONE OF PARTNERDEVICEa-c=1):
PARTNERSCREEN How often, if ever, are you bothered by the amount of time your spouse or partner
spends… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
ASK IF PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE (PARTNERDEVICEa=1):
a. On their cellphone
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
ASK IF PARTNER USES SOCIAL MEDIA (PARTNERDEVICEb=1):
b. On social media sites
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
ASK IF PARTNER PLAYS VIDEO GAMES (PARTNERDEVICEc=1):
c. Playing video games
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERPASS Have you ever given your spouse or partner the password or passcode to…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
ASK IF INTERNET USER:
a. Your email account
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF SOCIAL MEDIA USER (SNSUSE=1):
b. Any of your social media accounts
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK ALL:
c. Your cellphone
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND PARTNERDEVICEa=1):
PARTNERTRACK Have you ever looked through your current spouse’s or partner’s cellphone without their
knowledge?
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK ALL:
DATEVOCAB Have you ever heard of the following terms associated with dating? [RANDOMIZE
ITEMS]
a. Ghosting
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
b. Breadcrumbing
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
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c. Phubbing
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
d. Catfishing
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
e. Friends with benefits
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
ASK ALL:
DATEGHOST Have you ever had someone you’ve gone out with suddenly stop answering your phone
calls or messages without explanation (sometimes called “ghosting”)?
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
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RANDOMIZE HARASSEXP1 AND HARASSEXP2
ASK ALL:
HARASSEXP1 Has someone you were dating or on a date with ever done any of the following?
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Pressured you for sex
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
b. Touched you in a way that made you feel uncomfortable
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
c. Sent you sexually explicit images that you didn’t ask for
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
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RANDOMIZE HARASSEXP1 AND HARASSEXP2
ASK ALL:
HARASSEXP2 As far as you know, has someone you were dating or been on a date with ever done any
of the following? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Spread rumors about your sexual history
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
b. Shared a sexually explicit image of you without your consent
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
c. Publicly shared your contact information or address without your permission
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONHARASS Thinking about your own personal experiences, has someone ever done any of the
following to you ON AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR DATING APP? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Called you an offensive name
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
b. Threatened to physically harm you
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
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c. Sent you a sexually explicit message or image you didn’t ask for
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
d. Continued to contact you after you said you were not interested
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERSEX Now thinking about your spouse or partner, are they…
1 Male
2 Female
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ASK ALL:
ORIENTATIONMOD Do you think of yourself as…
1 Gay or lesbian
2 Straight, that is, not gay or lesbian
3 Bisexual
4 Something else
PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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2019 PEW RESEARCH CENTER’S AMERICAN TRENDS PANEL
WAVE 56 OCTOBER 2019
OCTOBER 16 – OCTOBER 28, 20191
ASK ALL:
MARITAL Which of these best describes you?
1 Married
2 Living with a partner
3 Divorced
4 Separated
5 Widowed
6 Never been married
ASK IF DIVORCED, SEPARATED, WIDOWED, NEVER MARRIED OR NO ANSWER (MARITAL=3-
99):
MARITAL2 Are you currently in a committed romantic relationship?
1 Yes, in a committed romantic relationship
2 No, not in a committed romantic relationship
ASK IF NEVER BEEN MARRIED AND NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL=6 AND
MARITAL2=2):
RELATEVER Have you ever been in a committed romantic relationship?
1 Yes, have been in a committed romantic relationship
2 No, have never been in a committed romantic relationship
1 Open-end responses are excluded from public datasets to protect the confidentiality of ATP panelists
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL2=2):
CASUAL Are you currently casually dating anyone?
1 Yes, casually dating someone
2 No, not casually dating anyone
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL2=2):
SEEKING Which of these best describes what you are looking for right now?
1 A committed romantic relationship only
2 Casual dates only
3 Either a committed romantic relationship or casual dates
4 Not currently looking for a relationship or dates
3
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND NOT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
DATES (SEEKING=4):
MOTIVNODATE Please indicate if each of the following is a reason or not a reason why you are not
currently looking for a relationship or dates. [RANDOMIZE ITEMS; SPLIT OVER 2
SCREENS]
a. Just like being single
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
b. Have more important priorities right now
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
c. Feel like I am too old to date
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
d. Have health problems that make it difficult to date
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
e. Haven’t had luck with dating or relationships in the past
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
f. Too busy
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
g. Feel like no one would be interested in dating me
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
h. Not ready to date after [IF WIDOWED (MARITAL=5): losing my spouse or]
ending a relationship
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
TOTRELDUR How long have you been in your current romantic relationship [IF MARRIED
(MARITAL=1): – including before you were married]?
1 Less than 1 year
2 1 year to less than 3 years
3 3 years to less than 5 years
4 5 years to less than 10 years
5 10 years to less than 20 years
6 20 years or more
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
FAMSURV19_RELAT Overall, would you say that things in your relationship are going…
1 Very well
2 Fairly well
3 Not too well
4 Not at all well
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT CASUALLY DATING OR LOOKING FOR A
RELATIONSHIP AND/OR DATES (CASUAL=1 OR SEEKING=1-3):
FAMSURV19_DATING Overall, would you say that things in your dating life are going…
1 Very well
2 Fairly well
3 Not too well
4 Not at all well
ASK IF INTERNET USER:
ONLINEDATE Have you ever used an online dating site or dating app?
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONLINEDATE2 Are you currently using an online dating site or dating app?
1 Yes, I am currently using an online dating site or dating app
2 No, but I have used one within the past year
3 No, but I used one 1 to 5 years ago
4 No, but I used one more than 5 years ago
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERMEET How did you first meet your spouse or partner? [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1-
6, KEEPING 7 LAST]
1 Through friends or family
2 Online
3 Through work
4 Through school
5 At a place of worship
6 At a bar or restaurant
7 Somewhere else (specify: ____)
ASK IF MET CURRENT PARTNER ONLINE (PARTNERMEET=2):
ONMEET Where online did you first meet your spouse or partner? [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE
OPTIONS 1-6, KEEPING 7 LAST]
1 A dating site or app
2 A social media site or app
3 Online gaming
4 An online discussion forum
5 A texting or messaging app
6 Email
7 Somewhere else (specify: ____)
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ASK ALL:
DATE10YR Compared to 10 years ago, for most people, do you think dating is… [RANDOMIZE
RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Harder today
2 Easier today
3 About the same
ASK IF SAYS DATING IS HARDER THAN 10 YEARS AGO (DATE10YR=1):
WHYDATE10YRHARD Why do you think dating is harder today than it was 10 years ago for most people?
[OPEN END]
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ASK IF SAYS DATING IS EASIER THAN 10 YEARS AGO (DATE10YR=2):
WHYDATE10YREASY Why do you think dating is easier today than it was 10 years ago for most people?
[OPEN END]
ASK ALL:
FIRSTDATE Here is a list of things that some people may find acceptable ON A FIRST DATE and some
may not. Regardless of whether you would do it yourself, please indicate if you,
personally, think each is acceptable on a first date. [RANDOMIZE ITEMS BUT ITEM c
SHOULD ALWAYS BE LAST]
a. Giving a hug
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
b. Kissing
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Having sex
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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ASK ALL:
DATEACCEPT Here is a list of things that some people may find acceptable and some may not.
Regardless of whether you would do it yourself, please indicate if you, personally, think
each is acceptable. [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Sex between unmarried adults who are in a committed relationship
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
b. Having an open relationship – that is, a committed relationship where both
people agree that it is acceptable to date or have sex with other people
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Casual sex between consenting adults who are not in a committed romantic
relationship
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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d. Two consenting adults exchanging sexually explicit images of themselves
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
e. Kissing someone on a date without asking for permission first
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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ASK IF INTERNET USER:
ONCHECK Have you ever searched for information online about someone you were romantically
interested in?
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK ALL:
TRACKPARTNER Regardless of whether you would do it yourself, do you think it’s ever acceptable for
someone to look through their significant other’s cellphone without their knowledge?
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP AND/OR
DATES (SEEKING=1-3):
BREAKUP If you decided after a first date that you didn’t want to go out with that person again,
what is the most likely way you would let them know?
1 Contact them and let them know
2 Not contact them, but would let them know if they contacted you
3 Not contact them, and would not respond if they contacted you
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ASK FORM 1 (FORM=1):
BREAKUPACCEPTF1 Whether or not you would personally do this, do you think it’s acceptable for a
person to break up with someone they are casually dating in the following ways?
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. In person
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
b. Through a phone call
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Through email
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
d. Through a private message on a social media site
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
e. Through a text message
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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ASK FORM 2 (FORM=2):
BREAKUPACCEPTF2 Whether or not you would personally do this, do you think it’s acceptable for a
person to break up with someone they are in a committed relationship with in the
following ways? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. In person
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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b. Through a phone call
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
c. Through email
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
d. Through a private message on a social media site
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
e. Through a text message
1 Always acceptable
2 Sometimes acceptable
3 Rarely acceptable
4 Never acceptable
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PEW RESEARCH CENTER
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RANDOMIZE DATEHARASS_M AND DATEHARASS_W
DISPLAY IF DATEHARASS_M COMES BEFORE DATEHARASS_W: On a different subject…
ASK ALL:
DATEHARASS_M Do you think the increased focus on sexual harassment and assault over the last few
years has made it easier or harder for MEN to know how to interact with someone
they’re on a date with?
1 Has made it easier for men
2 Has made it harder for men
3 Hasn’t made much difference
RANDOMIZE DATEHARASS_M AND DATEHARASS_W
DISPLAY IF DATEHARASS_W COMES BEFORE DATEHARASS_M: On a different subject…
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ASK ALL:
DATEHARASS_W Do you think the increased focus on sexual harassment and assault over the last few
years has made it easier or harder for WOMEN to know how to interact with someone
they’re on a date with?
1 Has made it easier for women
2 Has made it harder for women
3 Hasn’t made much difference
DISPLAY TO ALL:
Thinking now of online dating…
ASK ALL:
ONIMPACT Overall, what type of effect would you say online dating sites and dating apps have had
on dating and relationships? [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH
OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Mostly positive effect
2 Mostly negative effect
3 Neither positive or negative effect
ASK IF SAYS ONLINE DATING SITES AND APPS HAS A MOSTLY POSITIVE EFFECT
(ONIMPACT=1):
ONIMPACT_POS What is the main reason you think online dating sites and dating apps have a mostly
positive effect on dating and relationships?
[OPEN END]
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ASK IF SAYS ONLINE DATING SITES AND APPS HAS A MOSTLY NEGATIVE EFFECT
(ONIMPACT=2):
ONIMPACT_NEG What is the main reason you think online dating sites and dating apps have a mostly
negative effect on dating and relationships?
[OPEN END]
ASK ALL:
ONSUCCESS Compared to relationships that begin in person, in general, do you think relationships
where people first meet through an online dating site or dating app are… [RANDOMIZE
RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 More successful
2 Less successful
3 Just as successful
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ASK ALL:
ONSAFE In general, how safe do you think online dating sites and dating apps are as a way to
meet people?
1 Very safe
2 Somewhat safe
3 Not too safe
4 Not at all safe
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONPROBLEM Thinking of some things that may happen on online dating sites and dating apps, as far
as you know, how common are each of the following? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. People being harassed or bullied
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
b. People receiving sexually explicit messages or images they did not ask for
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
c. People lying about themselves to appear more desirable
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
d. Privacy violations, such as data breaches or identify theft
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
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e. People setting up fake accounts in order to scam others
1 Very common
2 Somewhat common
3 Not too common
4 Not at all common
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RANDOMIZE POTENTIALDATE1, POTENTIALDATE2 AND POTENTIALDATE3
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
LOOKING FOR EITHER A RELATIONSHIP OR DATES (SEEKING=1,3):
POTENTIALDATE1 Would you ever consider being in a committed relationship with someone who…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Is of a different religion than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
b. Is of a different race or ethnicity than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
c. Has a significant amount of debt
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
d. Is raising children from another relationship
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
e. Lives far away from you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
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RANDOMIZE POTENTIALDATE1, POTENTIALDATE2 AND POTENTIALDATE3
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
LOOKING FOR EITHER A RELATIONSHIP OR DATES (SEEKING=1,3):
POTENTIALDATE2 Would you ever consider being in a committed relationship with someone who…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS; KEEPING ITEMS a AND b, AND c AND d ADJACENT TO
EACH OTHER]
ASK ALL:
a. Is a Republican
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
b. Is a Democrat
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
c. Makes significantly more money than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
d. Makes significantly less money than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
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RANDOMIZE POTENTIALDATE1, POTENTIALDATE2 AND POTENTIALDATE3
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP OR
LOOKING FOR EITHER A RELATIONSHIP OR DATES (SEEKING=1,3):
POTENTIALDATE3 Would you ever consider being in a committed relationship with someone who…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS; KEEPING ITEMS a AND b, AND c AND d ADJACENT TO
EACH OTHER]
ASK ALL:
a. Voted for Donald Trump
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
b. Voted for Hillary Clinton
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK ALL:
c. Is 10 years older than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
ASK IF AGE 28 OR OLDER:
d. Is 10 years younger than you
1 Definitely would consider
2 Probably would consider
3 Probably would NOT consider
4 Definitely would NOT consider
[SPACE]
5 Have already done this
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ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP (MARITAL2=2):
DATEPRESSURE How much pressure, if any, do you feel from each of the following to be in a committed
relationship? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Family members
1 A lot of pressure
2 Some pressure
3 Not too much pressure
4 No pressure at all
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b. Your friends
1 A lot of pressure
2 Some pressure
3 Not too much pressure
4 No pressure at all
c. Society
1 A lot of pressure
2 Some pressure
3 Not too much pressure
4 No pressure at all
ASK IF NOT IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP BUT LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP AND/OR
DATES (SEEKING=1-3):
DATEDIFF In the past year, how easy or difficult has it been for you to find people to date?
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
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ASK IF HAS FOUND IT DIFFICULT TO FIND PEOPLE TO DATE (DATEDIFF=3,4):
WHYDATEDIFF Why do you think it has been difficult for you to find people to date? [RANDOMIZE
ITEMS]
a. There is a limited number of people in my area for me to date
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
b. Hard for me to find someone who meets my expectations
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
c. Hard to find someone who’s looking for the same type of relationship as me
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
d. Hard for me to approach people
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
e. People aren’t interested in dating me
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
f. Too busy
1 Major reason
2 Minor reason
3 Not a reason
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONEXPGEN Overall, would you say your OWN personal experiences with online dating sites or dating
apps have been…
1 Very positive
2 Somewhat positive
3 Somewhat negative
4 Very negative
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ASK IF USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP IN THE PAST YEAR (ONLINEDATE2=1,2):
ONFEEL In general in the past year, has using online dating sites or dating apps made you feel
more… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS; RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2, WITH
OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
[Please select one item from each group]
a. 1 Confident
2 Insecure
3 Neither
b. 1 Optimistic
2 Pessimistic
3 Neither
c. 1 Hopeful
2 Frustrated
3 Neither
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONEXP Have you ever… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Gone on a date with someone you first met through an online dating site or
dating app
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
b. Been in a committed relationship or married someone you first met through an
online dating site or dating app
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
c. Come across the online dating profile of someone you already know offline
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONPROFILES When you have used online dating sites or dating apps, how important was it to you, if
at all, that the profiles you looked at included the following? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS;
SPLIT OVER 2 SCREENS]
a. Hobbies and interests
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
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b. Political affiliation
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
c. Religious beliefs
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
d. Occupation
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
e. Racial or ethnic background
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
f. Height
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
g. If they have children
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
h. Type of relationship they’re looking for
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
i. Photos of themselves
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONFIND When you used online dating sites or dating apps, how easy or difficult was it for you to
find people on online dating sites or dating apps who… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. You were physically attracted to
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
b. Shared your hobbies and interests
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
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c. Were looking for the same kind of relationship as you
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
d. Seemed like someone you would want to meet in person
1 Very easy
2 Somewhat easy
3 Somewhat difficult
4 Very difficult
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ASK FORM 1 IF USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP IN THE PAST 5 YEARS (FORM=1 AND
ONLINEDATE2=1-3):
ONMSGF1 Thinking about the messages you have received on online dating sites or dating apps,
would you say you have received… [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2,
WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Too many messages
2 Not enough messages
3 Just about the right amount
ASK FORM 2 IF USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP IN THE PAST 5 YEARS (FORM=2 AND
ONLINEDATE2=1-3):
ONMSGF2 Thinking about the messages you have received on online dating sites or dating apps,
would you say you have received… [RANDOMIZE RESPONSE OPTIONS 1 AND 2,
WITH OPTION 3 ALWAYS LAST]
1 Too many messages from people you were interested in
2 Not enough messages from people you were interested in
3 Just about the right amount
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONALGORITHM How well, if at all, do you feel you understand why online dating sites or dating apps
present certain people as potential matches for you?
1 Very well
2 Somewhat well
3 Not too well
4 Not well at all
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ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONDATA How concerned are you, if at all, about how much data online dating sites or dating apps
collect about you?
1 Very concerned
2 Somewhat concerned
3 Not too concerned
4 Not at all concerned
DISPLAY TO ALL INTERNET USERS:
Now thinking about topics related to social media and relationships…
ASK IF INTERNET USER:
SNSUSE Do you ever use social media sites, like Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram?
1 Yes, use social media sites
2 No, do not use social media sites
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ASK IF SOCIAL MEDIA USER (SNSUSE=1):
SNSPOST How often, if ever, do you see people posting things about their romantic relationships
on social media?
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP, AND OFTEN
OR SOMETIMES SEES PEOPLE POSTING ABOUT THEIR ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS ON SOCIAL
MEDIA ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND SNSPOST=1,2):
SNSSEE1 In general, do the posts you see on social media about other people’s romantic
relationships make you feel…
1 Better about your own relationship
2 Worse about your own relationship
3 Doesn’t make much difference
ASK IF CASUALLY DATING SOMEONE AND/OR LOOKING FOR A RELATIONSHIP AND/OR
DATES, AND OFTEN OR SOMETIMES SEES PEOPLE POSTING ABOUT THEIR ROMANTIC
RELATIONSHIPS ON SOCIAL MEDIA ((CASUAL=1 OR SEEKING=1-3) AND SNSPOST=1,2):
SNSSEE2 In general, do the posts you see on social media about other people’s romantic
relationships make you feel…
1 Better about your own dating life
2 Worse about your own dating life
3 Doesn’t make much difference
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ASK IF SOCIAL MEDIA USER (SNSUSE=1):
SNSCHECK Have you ever used social media to do any of the following things? [RANDOMIZE
ITEMS]
a. Check up on someone that you used to date or be in a relationship with
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
b. Share or discuss things about your relationship or dating life
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERDEVICE As far as you know, does your spouse or partner… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Have a cellphone
1 Yes
2 No
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b. Use social media sites
1 Yes
2 No
c. Play video games on a computer, game console or cellphone
1 Yes
2 No
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND USES
SOCIAL MEDIA AND PARTNER USES SOCIAL MEDIA ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND
SNSUSE=1 AND PARTNERDEVICEb=1):
SNSPARTNER How important, if at all, is social media to you personally when it comes to the following
things? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Keeping up with what’s going on in your spouse’s or partner’s life
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
b. Showing how much you care about your spouse or partner
1 Very important
2 Somewhat important
3 Not too important
4 Not at all important
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER USES SOCIAL MEDIA ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND PARTNERDEVICEb=1):
SNSFEEL Have you ever felt jealous or unsure about your relationship because of the way your
current spouse or partner interacts with other people on social media?
1 Yes, have felt this way
2 No, have never felt this way
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND PARTNERDEVICEa=1):
PARTNERDISTRACT How often, if ever, do you feel as if your spouse or partner is distracted by their
cellphone when you are trying to have a conversation with them?
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE, USES SOCIAL MEDIA AND/OR PLAYS VIDEO GAMES
((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND AT LEAST ONE OF PARTNERDEVICEa-c=1):
PARTNERSCREEN How often, if ever, are you bothered by the amount of time your spouse or partner
spends… [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
ASK IF PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE (PARTNERDEVICEa=1):
a. On their cellphone
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
ASK IF PARTNER USES SOCIAL MEDIA (PARTNERDEVICEb=1):
b. On social media sites
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
ASK IF PARTNER PLAYS VIDEO GAMES (PARTNERDEVICEc=1):
c. Playing video games
1 Often
2 Sometimes
3 Rarely
4 Never
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERPASS Have you ever given your spouse or partner the password or passcode to…
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
ASK IF INTERNET USER:
a. Your email account
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK IF SOCIAL MEDIA USER (SNSUSE=1):
b. Any of your social media accounts
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK ALL:
c. Your cellphone
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
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ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP AND
PARTNER HAS A CELLPHONE ((MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1) AND PARTNERDEVICEa=1):
PARTNERTRACK Have you ever looked through your current spouse’s or partner’s cellphone without their
knowledge?
1 Yes, have done this
2 No, have not done this
ASK ALL:
DATEVOCAB Have you ever heard of the following terms associated with dating? [RANDOMIZE
ITEMS]
a. Ghosting
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
b. Breadcrumbing
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
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c. Phubbing
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
d. Catfishing
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
e. Friends with benefits
1 Yes, have heard of this
2 No, have not heard of this
ASK ALL:
DATEGHOST Have you ever had someone you’ve gone out with suddenly stop answering your phone
calls or messages without explanation (sometimes called “ghosting”)?
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
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RANDOMIZE HARASSEXP1 AND HARASSEXP2
ASK ALL:
HARASSEXP1 Has someone you were dating or on a date with ever done any of the following?
[RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Pressured you for sex
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
b. Touched you in a way that made you feel uncomfortable
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
c. Sent you sexually explicit images that you didn’t ask for
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
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RANDOMIZE HARASSEXP1 AND HARASSEXP2
ASK ALL:
HARASSEXP2 As far as you know, has someone you were dating or been on a date with ever done any
of the following? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Spread rumors about your sexual history
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
b. Shared a sexually explicit image of you without your consent
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
c. Publicly shared your contact information or address without your permission
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
ASK IF EVER USED AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR APP (ONLINEDATE=1):
ONHARASS Thinking about your own personal experiences, has someone ever done any of the
following to you ON AN ONLINE DATING SITE OR DATING APP? [RANDOMIZE ITEMS]
a. Called you an offensive name
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
b. Threatened to physically harm you
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
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c. Sent you a sexually explicit message or image you didn’t ask for
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
d. Continued to contact you after you said you were not interested
1 Yes, this has happened to me
2 No, this has not happened to me
ASK IF MARRIED, LIVING WITH PARTNER, OR IN A COMMITTED RELATIONSHIP
(MARITAL=1,2 OR MARITAL2=1):
PARTNERSEX Now thinking about your spouse or partner, are they…
1 Male
2 Female
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ASK ALL:
ORIENTATIONMOD Do you think of yourself as…
1 Gay or lesbian
2 Straight, that is, not gay or lesbian
3 Bisexual
4 Something else
5 I don’t know the answer
