HKUSPACE CCAH4012
Arts and Life

1

What Makes a Good Theater Report?

A good theater report depends on content, structure (how the paper is organized), and usage
(conventions of writing and presentation).

Content A good theater report is a combination of subjective responses---how you "felt" about the
event---and objective analysis and support for your feelings. Just saying that you liked or disliked a
production is not enough. The key question is always "Why?" For example, you may have hated a
performer in a production, but noting that you hated him or her is not enough for a report. Why did
you feel this way? Was the actor totally unlike the character? Did the actor fail to enunciate the lines
clearly? Did the actor convey emotions that seemed inappropriate to the dramatic action? Did he or she
move inappropriately or clumsily onstage? Did he or she seem not to understand or express the
character's motivation? These are the kinds of questions you will need to answer in order to
substantiate your opinion about the performance, and you will have to support each answer by
describing some specific aspect of the performance.

This is where your notes can be of great value. The more specific your notes, the more useful they are.
Below, we suggest a series of questions about each production element You can use these questions to
guide your note-taking.

Structure Like a good play, a good theater report has a clear beginning, middle, and end.
At the beginning, you should state your point of view; you may also indicate how you felt about the
production in general or about the specific elements you will discuss. Sometimes a good paper can
begin with a striking image or an idea which you believe to be at the heart of the theatergoing
experience. The most important characteristic of the beginning of a successful paper is that it gives a
strong sense of what you consider significant about your experience.
The middle of your paper should contain all the evidence and analysis that substantiates the
viewpoint expressed in the beginning. This would include specific examples and details from the
production. The more specific and analytical this section is, the more successful the paper will be.
Through your description and analysis, the reader should be able to visualize important and
representative moments in the production.
At the end of your paper, you should recapitulate your point of view and find some way to leave the
reader with a clear sense of the conclusions you have drawn. As with the beginning of a paper, it can
be effective to close the paper with a vivid image or idea. Remember that your conclusion will be the
last impression left with your reader.

Usage There are a few conventions for writing about theater productions. For example, the title of
a play is usually capitalized; and the title of a full-length play is either underlined or italicized, though
the title of a one-act play is generally in quotation marks. When you name production personnel, the
first reference should give the full name, but thereafter only the last name should be used.

Most instructors expect papers to be typed or printed out rather than handwritten. If you use a
personal computer, remember that the "spell check" will not catch every error: you cannot rely on it
for names, for example, and of course it does not pick up grammatical mistakes. Remember too that
word processing requires careful attention to formatting and printing. The harder it is for your
instructor to read your paper, the harder it will be for him or her to evaluate your ideas.
Your instructor may recommend or require specific stylistic rules or a specific physical format for
papers. Be sure that you understand such requirements at the beginning of the semester.

HKUSPACE CCAH4012
Arts and Life

2
Key Questions for a Theater Report

These questions are intended as a guide for writing a theater report. You can use them to help
you focus your thoughts about the various elements of a production. Note that you should
keep the specific assignment in mind, since some instructors will ask you to write about
particular elements whereas others may ask you to evaluate the entire production. In either
case, however, these questions should prove helpful.

Acting
1. Were the actors believable, given the requirements of the play? If they were believable,
how did they seem to accomplish this? If they weren't believable, what occurred to
impair or destroy believability? (As you discuss this, be sure to separate the performer
from the role. For example, you can dislike a character but admire the performance.)
2. Identify the performers you considered most successful. Citing specifics from the
production, note what they did well: particular gestures, lines, or moments. Try to
describe each performer so as to give the reader a clear image. For example, how did the
performer's voice sound? How did he or she move? How did he or she interpret the role?
3. If there were performers you did not like, identify them and explain why you did not like
them. Give concrete examples to explain why their performances were less successful.
4. Acting is more than just a collection of individual performances. The entire company
needs to work as a unit (this is sometimes called ensemble): each actor must not only
perform his or her own role but also support the other performers. Discuss how the
performers related or failed to relate to one another. Did they listen to each other and
respond? Did any actor seem to be "showing off and ignoring the others?

Directing
1. The director unifies a production and frequently provides an interpretation of the text.
Did there seem to be a unifying idea behind the production? If so, how would you express
it? How were you able to see it embodied in the production? Was it embodied in striking
images or in the way the actors developed their performances? (You should be aware
that this can be one of the most difficult aspects of a production to evaluate, even for
very experienced theatergoers.)
2. Did all the elements of the production seem to be unified and to fit together seamlessly?
How was this reflected, in particular, in the visual elements---the scenery, costumes, and
lighting?
3. How did the director move the actors around onstage? Were there any moments when
you felt that such movement was particularly effective or ineffective? Were entrances
and exits smooth?
4. Did the pace or rhythm of the production seem right? Did it drag or move swiftly? Did
one scene follow another quickly, or were there long pauses or interruptions?

Text
1. What was the text for the performance? Was it a traditional play' Was it a piece created
by the actors or director? Was the piece improvisatory? (Note that most productions you
attend will use traditional scripts as texts, and most of the following questions are based
on this traditional model.However, you can adapt these questions for texts which have
HKUSPACE CCAH4012
Arts and Life

3
been created in nontraditional ways.)
2. What was the text about? What was the author of the text trying to communicate to the
audience? Did the author try to communicate more than one message?
3. How was the meaning of the text communicated through words, actions, or symbols?
4. Did you agree with the point of view of the text? Why or why not?
5. What was the genre of the text? Was it comedy, tragedy, farce, melodrama, or
tragicomedy? Was the text realistic or nonrealistic? Was it presentational or
representational?
6. Using terms you have encountered in your theater course or textbook, describe the
structure of the text, Was it climactic: (intensive)? Was it episodic (extensive)? Was it
some combination of the two?
7. Many theorists argue that conflict is necessary for a dramatic text, Describe the conflict
within the text in the production you saw. Which characters were in conflict? Were there
a moment in the action when the conflict seemed to come to a head? Was the conflict
resolved or not? How did you feel about its resolution or lack of resolution? If the conflict
was resolved, how was it resolved? How did the conflict seem to embody the meaning of
the text?

Characters
1. What were the major desires, goals, objectives, and motivations of the leading characters?
How did these help you understand the meaning of the text?
2. Were the characters realistic, symbolic, allegorical, totally divorced from reality, etc,?
3. How did minor characters relate to major characters? For instance, were they contrasts or
parallels?
4. Did you identify most with one of the characters? If so, describe this character and explain
why you identified with him or her.



Technical elements
Space
1. What type of theater was it? How large or small was it? How opulent or elaborate? How
simple or modern? What type of stage did it have: proscenium, thrust, arena, or some
other type? How did the stage space relate to audience seating?
2. What was the size and shape of the playing space?
3. What sort of atmosphere did the space suggest? How was that atmosphere created?
4. Did the space seem to meet the needs of the play? Did it affect the production, and if so,
how?

Scenery
1. What information was conveyed by the scenery about time, place, characters, and
situation? How was this information conveyed to you?
2. What was the overall atmosphere of the setting?
3. Did any colors dominate? How did colors affect your impression of the theater event?
4. Was the setting a specific place, or was it no recognizable or real locale? Did that choice
seem appropriate for the play?
5. If the setting was realistic, how effectively did it reproduce what the place would actually
look like?
HKUSPACE CCAH4012
Arts and Life

4
6. Were there symbolic elements in the scenery? If so, what were they? How did they relate
to the play?

Costumes
1. What information was conveyed by the costumes about time, place, characters, and
situation? How was this information conveyed to you?
2. What was the period of the costumes? What was the style? Were the costumes from a
period other than the period in which the play was written or origin ally set? If so, how
did this affect the production? Why do you think this choice was made?
3. How was color used to give you clues to the personalities of the characters?
4. Did each character's costume or costumes seem appropriate for his or her personality,
social status, occupation, etc.? Why or why not?
5. Did the costumes help you understand conflicts, differing social groups, and interpersonal
relationships? If so, how?

Lighting
1. What information was conveyed by the lighting about time, place,
2. Describe the mood of the lighting. How was color and intensity used to affect mood?
What other characteristics of light were used to affect mood? Was the lighting
appropriate for the mood of each scene? Why or why not?
3. Was the lighting realistic or nonrealistic ? What was the direction of the light? Did it seem
to come from a natural source, or was it artificial? Did this choice seem appropriate for
the text?
4. Were the actors properly lit? Could their faces be seen?
5. Were light changes made slowly or quickly? How did this affect the play? Did it seem right
for the play?



Worksheets for Theatergoing
The following worksheets have been designed as an aid to Role-taking. They should be used while you
are attending a production. They do not impressions that you can use later to jog your memory when
you are actually developing your report. That is, the questions on these sheets are meant to help you
accumulate information which can be used to respond to the more in-depth questions in the preceding
section. To fill out the worksheets, you will enter information at three different times
Remember: Do not try to write an essay or even any fully developed statements while you are
watching the performance; that would defeat the whole purpose of theatergoing.

Notes before the performance
1. Theater:
a. Jot down three adjectives which describe the atmosphere of the theater.
b. What kind of theater is it: proscenium, thrust, arena, found space?
c. Draw a quick sketch of the auditorium area below

HKUSPACE CCAH4012
Arts and Life

5
2. Program:
a. Jot down when and where the play is set, and any other information you have gleaned
from the program.
b. Read any notes in the program and underline three sentences which you believe will help
you better understand the production.
c. Underline any historical information in the program about the play or playwright.

3. Playing space:
a. Can you see (he playing space before the performance begins?

b. If you can see the playing space, what are your impressions about the scenery? What does
it seems to suggest about the production? (Just jot down a few adjectives that reflect your
first impressions.)

Intermission notes
1. Who is the central character? With whom does this character conflict? Write down their
names.


2. For each of the characters you have just named, jot down three adjectives that describe his
or her personality and physical attributes.


3. For each of the characters you have named, write down three adjectives to describe how
you feel about the performance of the actor playing him or her.

4. Briefly describe a specific moment or scene that you thought was particularly dramatic,
effective, or significant.

5. Describe a striking use of an image or simile by a character, or a moment in which such an
image is used.
6. Has any character directly addressed the audience? Note who and (very briefly) when.
7. Jot down three adjectives that reflect your impressions about each of the following.
Scenery:
Costumes;
Lighting:


HKUSPACE CCAH4012
Arts and Life

6
8. Write one word or one short phrase which best describes the world of the play (for instance,
absurd, unceasingly violent, repressed, uncontrollably cruel, sentimentally romantic,
constantly hilarious).
9. Have any audience members been asked 10 participate in some way? If so, describe how;
also, describe your own reaction.
Notes after the performance:
1. List your initial responses to each of the production elements. Indicate whether you like or
dislike each element, and provide an adjective which expresses why you like or dislike it,
(Remember [hat it is these initial responses you wilt have to defend in your paper.]

2. Review your intermission notes. After the intermission (or after each intermission, if there
was more than one), have you changed your opinion about any of the production elements? If
so, jot down what changed.

3. Write down what the high point of the action seems to have been and what resolution of
the conflict, if any, has occurred.

4. Have any characters changed between the beginning and the conclusion of the action? If so,
provide an adjective or a short phrase to describe the character at the outset of the action and
another adjective or phrase to describe him or her after the change.

5. Does anything about the play or the production puzzle or confuse you? If so, jot it down.

6. On this basis of this experience, would you go to the theater again? Yes or No? (You will
probably not include this point in your paper, but your answer may interest you for its own
sake.)
















Source: Goldfarb, A., Walters, S., & Wilson, E. (1994). THEATERGOER’S GUIDE. N.Y.: McGRAW-HILL.